The Human Connectome Project was the marquee project of the Obama administration’s BRAIN Initiative. It collected a massive fMRI dataset from more than 1,000 participants, each of which was scanned over an hour while performing a standard battery of cognitive tests. The massive cohort and extended scanning time allowed for generalized patterns to be detected across subjects. The HCP dataset is still used as a reference dataset for data mining studies today.
The HCP project led to the Glasser parcellation.